鏈斗式挖沙船最明顯的特點(diǎn)就是它的斗鏈。鏈斗式挖沙船的斗鏈?zhǔn)怯缮扯泛玩湽?jié)組成的，它纏繞在挖沙船斗橋的上下導(dǎo)輪之間。它對(duì)土質(zhì)的適應(yīng)能力強(qiáng)，能挖掘除巖石以外的各種土壤，對(duì)挖掘爆破后的碎巖石也較其他種挖泥船有效。挖后水底比較平整，適用于海港和河港碼頭泊位、灘地、水工建筑物基槽等規(guī)格要求較嚴(yán)的工程。
鏈斗式挖沙船就是靠斗鏈完成切沙、裝沙過(guò)程的。船斗橋的上下導(dǎo)輪上下驅(qū)動(dòng)使沙斗中的沙子自動(dòng)卸在挖沙船的傳輸帶上，然后將沙子送到運(yùn)輸船上或者直接卸在岸上。這樣鏈斗式挖沙船就完成挖沙工作了挖沙船是流動(dòng)作業(yè)的沙石采掘工具，在內(nèi)陸河道中挖沙船每天的采沙量能夠達(dá)到幾十噸甚至幾千噸。鏈斗式挖沙船有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，我們?cè)谑褂弥懈鼞?yīng)提高它的工作效率，下面為大家說(shuō)一下影響鏈斗式挖沙船工作效率的因素主要有哪幾個(gè)方面：
首先，河道的啟齒寬度、水深及變化規(guī)律；河岸高度及邊坡長(zhǎng)度；河床及沉積物性質(zhì)與泥土硬度；岸邊樹(shù)木及建筑物分布；河上橋閘高度、尺寸及通過(guò)性的要求；四周有無(wú)排泥場(chǎng)，對(duì)泥漿濃度的要求及泥漿處理方式；岸邊通路，機(jī)械功課方式、場(chǎng)地及對(duì)挖沙船出入現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的要求；電力、能源及后勤維修等前提的保證；河道繁忙程度，是否答應(yīng)斷行功課；施工季節(jié)及天氣等等。
因此要對(duì)挖沙船進(jìn)行保養(yǎng)。開(kāi)機(jī)前先對(duì)整個(gè)挖沙船的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)及機(jī)器油料進(jìn)行檢查，然后開(kāi)動(dòng)后邊拉輸送帶的柴油機(jī)，拉開(kāi)離合器，發(fā)動(dòng)柴油機(jī)，慢慢動(dòng)松離合器，將轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)至正常。再發(fā)動(dòng)前拉鏈斗的柴油機(jī)，兩柴油機(jī)起動(dòng)后。將轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)至需要速度。然后松開(kāi)大臂剎車。慢慢將其放下，等料斗內(nèi)沙子多于2/3時(shí)，可停止下放，待至1/3時(shí)再資助下大臂。
當(dāng)大臂與水面成45度角時(shí)，應(yīng)停放大臂。這時(shí)料斗內(nèi)沙子的多少改用牽引控制。挖沙船前進(jìn)時(shí)要查看斗內(nèi)沙子的多少而定，前進(jìn)后退要靈活，如遇沙層塌方機(jī)械工作吃力或拉不動(dòng)時(shí)要牽引繩松開(kāi)，使船向后退，直至挖動(dòng)為止。如水下遇有大石頭或泥層，船體會(huì)有劇烈的振動(dòng)現(xiàn)象，這時(shí)應(yīng)立即提起挖沙大臂，避過(guò)障礙物再進(jìn)行。
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The most obvious feature of chain bucket dredging is its bucket chain. Chain bucket digging sand bucket chain is composed of Sha Dou and chain sections, it is wrapped around the bottom of the dredging boat bridge. It has strong adaptability to the soil, can excavate all kinds of soils besides rocks, and the crushed rocks after excavation blasting are more effective than other kinds of dredger. After digging underwater relatively flat, applicable to harbor and river Port Wharf berth, beach, hydraulic structure base groove and other specifications requirements stricter engineering.
Bucket-type dredging boat is to complete the Cesa and loading the sand process by bucket chain. The upper and lower roller drive of the bucket Bridge makes the sand in the bucket automatically unloaded on the transfer belt of the dredging vessel, and then sends the sand to the transport ship or directly on the shore. Such chain bucket dig sand to complete dredging work is a flow of gravel excavation sand drilling tools, dredging sand in the inland rivers every day can reach dozens of tons or even thousands of tons. Chain bucket dredging has many advantages, we should improve its efficiency in use, below for everyone to say that the impact of the chain bucket dredging work efficiency factors are mainly in the areas:
Firstly, the reluctant width, depth and regularity of the river channel, the height of the river bank and the length of the slope; the nature of riverbed and sediment and the hardness of soil, the distribution of trees and buildings on the shore; the height, size and passage of the bridge gate; there is no mud field around requirements for slurry concentration and slurry treatment; shore access, mechanical work methods, venues and the requirements for the site of dredging vessels; the assurance of the premises of electricity, energy and logistical maintenance; the degree of River rush, whether the consent to break the homework, construction season and weather etc.
Therefore, the dredging of sand vessels is to be maintained. Before the power on the whole of the drive system and machine oil to inspect the sand, and then pull the conveyor belt of the diesel engine, pulling the clutch, starting the diesel engine, slowly moving loose clutch, rotate the speed to normal. The front zipper bucket of diesel engines, two diesel engines start. Adjust the speed to the required speed. Then loosen the big arm brakes. Slowly put it down, such as the hopper in more than 2/3 sand, can stop decentralization, to 1/3 when the support of the next big arm.
When the big arm and the water surface into 45 degrees angle, should park the big arm. At this time the amount of sand in the hopper switched to traction control. To see how much sand to dig in the bucket, the forward backward to be flexible, such as in the case of sand collapse mechanical work hard or pulling the rope to loosen, so that the boat to retreat, until the excavation. If there is a large stone or mud in the water, the hull will have a violent vibration phenomenon, then should immediately mention digging sand arm, avoid obstacles to proceed.
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